Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Advanced Assessment and Diagnosis 2

Question 1

In an older adult with suspected heart failure, which physical assessment finding is most consistent with fluid overload?

Accepted Answer

Bilateral basilar crackles

Answer

Bilateral basilar crackles indicate pulmonary edema, a hallmark of left-sided heart failure with fluid overload.

Question 2

Which pain assessment tool is most appropriate for an older adult with moderate cognitive impairment who cannot self-report?

Accepted Answer

PAINAD Scale

Answer

The PAINAD (Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia) scale uses behavioral observations when self-report is not possible.

Question 3

When should blood pressure be measured to diagnose orthostatic hypotension in an older adult?

Accepted Answer

Supine and after 3 minutes standing

Answer

Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a drop of 20 mmHg systolic or 10 mmHg diastolic after 3 minutes of standing.

Question 4

Which skin finding on assessment of an older adult is most concerning for potential malignancy?

Accepted Answer

Actinic keratosis

Answer

Actinic keratosis is a premalignant lesion caused by UV exposure that can progress to squamous cell carcinoma.

Question 5

A 75-year-old patient has a BMI of 17.5. How should the CNS classify this nutritional status?

Accepted Answer

Underweight

Answer

A BMI below 18.5 is classified as underweight, indicating potential malnutrition, which is a significant concern in older adults.

Adult-Gerontology CNS Test Practice Test