Student Development & Counseling Flashcards

Which Erikson stage corresponds to elementary school-age children?

Answer: Industry vs. inferiority

School-age children develop competence through mastering skills, or feel inferior if they fail.

An IEP team under IDEA must include, at minimum:

Answer: Parents, a general education teacher, a special education teacher, and a school representative

IDEA requires parents, teachers, an LEA representative, and others who can interpret evaluations.

A student confides that a friend is posting concerning messages online. The counselor's best first step is to:

Answer: Assess risk, gather details, and follow the school's threat or crisis protocol

Following established risk-assessment protocols ensures a safe, structured response.

Which question is an open-ended question a counselor might use?

Answer: 'What has been the hardest part of this semester for you?'

Open-ended questions invite elaboration rather than yes/no answers.

First-generation college students often benefit most from:

Answer: Mentoring and guidance on navigating unfamiliar college systems

Targeted mentoring helps first-generation students decode financial aid, advising, and campus culture.

Developmentally, which describes 'scaffolding' in instruction?

Answer: Providing temporary support that is gradually removed as skill grows

Scaffolding offers temporary supports that fade as the learner gains independence.

A counselor's 'referral' to an outside mental health provider is most appropriate when:

Answer: The student's needs exceed the counselor's scope or school-based role

Counselors refer when needs exceed their training, scope, or the school setting's capacity.