Student Development & Counseling Flashcards

According to Erikson, the central psychosocial crisis of adolescence is:

Answer: Identity vs. role confusion

Erikson's fifth stage, adolescence, centers on forming a coherent identity versus role confusion.

Vygotsky's 'zone of proximal development' refers to the gap between:

Answer: What a learner can do alone and what they can do with guidance

The ZPD is the range of tasks a learner can complete only with support from a more knowledgeable other.

Which counselor response best demonstrates active listening?

Answer: Paraphrasing the student's message and reflecting the underlying feeling

Active listening involves reflecting content and emotion so the student feels understood.

Under FERPA, who generally controls access to a student's education records once the student turns 18 or attends a postsecondary institution?

Answer: The student

FERPA rights transfer from parents to the student at age 18 or upon enrollment in college.

Maslow's hierarchy suggests a student who is chronically hungry will have the most difficulty with:

Answer: Higher-level learning and self-actualization

Unmet physiological needs make higher-level needs like learning and achievement hard to pursue.

A school counselor learns a student plans to harm themselves. The counselor should:

Answer: Break confidentiality and follow safety and notification procedures

Confidentiality has limits when there is imminent danger to self or others.

Bandura's concept of self-efficacy describes a student's:

Answer: Belief in their ability to succeed at a specific task

Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capability to execute behaviors needed to reach goals.