Mixed Deck — All Web Development Topics Flashcards

Which tool is commonly used for container orchestration at scale?

Answer: Kubernetes

Kubernetes automates deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications across clusters of machines.

Which approach best demonstrates mastery of version control in Web Development practice?

Answer: Applying principles to novel situations with sound judgment

True mastery involves understanding underlying principles well enough to apply them to new and unfamiliar situations with professional judgment.

Which CSS at-rule is used to apply styles only when the viewport meets a specific condition such as minimum width?

Answer: @media

`@media` queries let you conditionally apply CSS rules based on device characteristics like viewport width, resolution, or orientation.

What is the difference between `git reset --soft`, `--mixed`, and `--hard`?

Answer: Soft keeps staged+working changes, mixed unstages them, hard discards all changes

`--soft` moves HEAD but keeps the index and working tree; `--mixed` also unstages; `--hard` discards all local changes.

Which type of JOIN returns only rows where there is a match in BOTH tables?

Answer: INNER JOIN

INNER JOIN returns only the rows that have matching values in both joined tables.

What role does collaboration play in frameworks for Web Development professionals?

Answer: It enhances outcomes through diverse perspectives and shared expertise

Collaboration leverages diverse perspectives and combined expertise to achieve better outcomes than any individual could alone.

Which of the following correctly describes a reflected XSS attack?

Answer: User input is immediately echoed back in the response without sanitization, executing in the victim's browser when they click a crafted link

Reflected XSS uses a crafted URL containing a script payload that the server reflects back in the response, requiring the victim to click the link.

Which semantic HTML element should be used to wrap the primary content of a web page?

Answer:

The `` element represents the dominant content of the document and should appear only once per page, providing a landmark for screen reader users.

What is a composite key?

Answer: A key made up of two or more columns

A composite key uses two or more columns together to uniquely identify a row in a table.

What does the 'stale-while-revalidate' caching strategy do?

Answer: Serves a cached response immediately while fetching an updated version in the background

Stale-while-revalidate returns the cached response instantly and asynchronously refreshes it so the next request gets a fresh version.

Which React hook should you use to run a side effect only once after the initial render?

Answer: useEffect with an empty dependency array []

Passing an empty array [] as the second argument to useEffect tells React to run the effect only after the first render.

What is the purpose of the `lang` attribute on the `` element?

Answer: Tells screen readers and browsers the primary language of the document for correct pronunciation

The `lang` attribute on `` (e.g., `lang="en"`) informs screen readers which language to use for pronunciation rules and helps translation tools.

How efficient is the closure compiler?

Answer: Reduces the size of the JavaScript files

The Google Closure Compiler is highly efficient in optimizing JavaScript code for web delivery. Its main purpose is to parse, analyze, and rewrite JavaScript, resulting in significantly smaller file sizes. This reduction in file size directly leads to faster download times and improved overall performance of web applications.

What does the spread operator (`...`) do when used with an array?

Answer: Expands the array elements into individual arguments or elements

The spread operator expands an iterable like an array into individual elements, useful for function calls or array literals.

Which constraint ensures that a column's value must already exist as a primary key in another table?

Answer: FOREIGN KEY

A FOREIGN KEY constraint enforces referential integrity by requiring that the column's value matches a primary key in the referenced table.

What is the purpose of the 'viewport' meta tag in HTML?

Answer: Controls how the browser scales and sizes the page on mobile devices

The viewport meta tag instructs mobile browsers on how to scale the layout, commonly set to match the device's width.

What is the function of an Nginx reverse proxy in a web deployment?

Answer: Forwarding client requests to backend application servers and returning responses

Nginx as a reverse proxy sits in front of app servers, routing requests, handling SSL, and load balancing.

What does the CSS property `object-fit: cover` do to an image?

Answer: Scales the image to cover the container while maintaining aspect ratio

object-fit: cover scales the image to cover the entire container while preserving its aspect ratio, cropping if necessary.

Which HTML attribute correctly associates a `` element with an `` field?

Answer: for

The `for` attribute on a `` must match the `id` of the associated input, creating a programmatic link that benefits both screen reader users and mouse users.

What does ARIA stand for in the context of web accessibility?

Answer: Accessible Rich Internet Applications

ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) is a W3C specification that adds semantic meaning to HTML elements for assistive technologies.