VT Anatomy & Physiology 5

Question 1

The external carotid artery (ECA) is distinguished from the internal carotid artery (ICA) by the fact that the ECA:

Accepted Answer

Gives rise to branches in the neck

Answer

The ECA has multiple branches in the neck (e.g., superior thyroid, lingual, facial arteries), whereas the ICA has no branches in the neck until it enters the skull.

Question 2

The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is calculated by dividing the ankle systolic pressure by:

Accepted Answer

The higher of the two brachial systolic pressures

Answer

ABI is calculated using the highest ankle systolic pressure (dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial) divided by the highest of the two brachial systolic pressures.

Question 3

Fenestrated capillaries, which allow rapid exchange of larger molecules, are most characteristic of which organ?

Accepted Answer

Kidney glomerulus

Answer

Glomerular capillaries of the kidney are fenestrated to permit filtration of plasma components across the glomerular filtration barrier.

Question 4

The peroneal (fibular) artery typically arises from which vessel?

Accepted Answer

Tibioperoneal trunk

Answer

The tibioperoneal trunk is a short common segment that branches off the popliteal artery and then bifurcates into the posterior tibial and peroneal arteries.

Question 5

Which mechanism primarily drives the return of lymph through lymphatic vessels against gravitational forces?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic smooth muscle contraction of lymphangions

Answer

Lymphangions are segments of lymphatic vessels separated by valves; their smooth muscle walls contract rhythmically to propel lymph centrally.

(VT) Vascular Technician Certification Practice Test

(VT) Vascular Technician Certification Practice Test

VT Anatomy & Physiology 5