VT Study Guide 2026
Everything you need to pass the VT exam in one place: the exam format, every topic to study, real practice questions with explanations, flashcards, and full-length practice tests. Free, no sign-up needed.
📚 VT Topics to Study (29)
✍️ Sample VT Questions & Answers
1. What surveillance interval does KDOQI recommend for monitoring AVG access flow in clinically stable patients?
KDOQI guidelines recommend access flow measurement every 3 months for AVGs given their higher thrombosis rate compared to AVFs.
2. In the context of dialysis access surveillance, what role does continuous professional development play for VT practitioners?
Continuous professional development is essential in dialysis access surveillance because it ensures VT practitioners remain current with evolving standards, technologies, and best practices, maintaining competency throughout their careers.
3. Which finding on duplex ultrasound is most suggestive of venous outflow stenosis in a dialysis AV fistula?
Outflow stenosis causes increased resistance, converting the normally low-resistance venous waveform to a pulsatile pattern throughout the fistula.
4. Which test is used to evaluate venous reflux and valve function?
Venous duplex ultrasound is the primary test used to evaluate venous reflux and valve function, particularly in cases of chronic venous insufficiency. This technique uses both B-mode imaging to visualize the veins and Doppler to assess blood flow direction and velocity. It can detect incompetent valves by observing retrograde blood flow, which indicates reflux.
5. Aliasing on color Doppler is recognized by:
Aliasing appears as an abrupt wrap-around from the maximum positive color to the maximum negative color (or vice versa) when velocities exceed the Nyquist limit.
6. Endovenous heat-induced thrombus (EHIT) is a recognized complication of which vascular procedure?
EHIT occurs when thermally induced thrombus propagates from the treated superficial vein into the deep venous system at the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction.
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How this page was made: written with AI tools and published by Nathan Beja, founder of Practice Test Geeks, who is responsible for its content. Exam facts are checked against the official sources listed below. Not reviewed by a subject-matter expert. Editorial policy
Sources & references
Exam facts on this page (fees, format, dates, passing scores) are checked against these official sources; the date is our last check. Editorial policy
- inteleos.org — Test delivery, eligibility, test dates, score validity, retake policy, passing score, exam information · verified Nov 2026
- ardms.org — Exam format, registration, score release, time limit · verified Oct 2026