VT Anatomy & Physiology 5

Question 1

The external carotid artery (ECA) is distinguished from the internal carotid artery (ICA) by the fact that the ECA:

Accepted Answer

Gives rise to branches in the neck

Answer

Has no branches in the neck

Answer

Lies lateral to the ICA at bifurcation

Answer

Has a larger diameter than the ICA

Question 2

The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is calculated by dividing the ankle systolic pressure by:

Accepted Answer

The higher of the two brachial systolic pressures

Answer

The ankle diastolic pressure

Answer

The mean arterial pressure

Answer

The lower of the two brachial systolic pressures

Question 3

Fenestrated capillaries, which allow rapid exchange of larger molecules, are most characteristic of which organ?

Accepted Answer

Kidney glomerulus

Answer

Brain

Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Lung alveoli

Question 4

The peroneal (fibular) artery typically arises from which vessel?

Accepted Answer

Tibioperoneal trunk

Answer

Popliteal artery

Answer

Anterior tibial artery

Answer

Posterior tibial artery

Question 5

Which mechanism primarily drives the return of lymph through lymphatic vessels against gravitational forces?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic smooth muscle contraction of lymphangions

Answer

Osmotic pressure gradient

Answer

Cardiac pumping action

Answer

Capillary hydrostatic pressure

Question 6

At rest, approximately what percentage of total blood volume is contained in the venous system?

Accepted Answer

65%

Answer

25%

Answer

40%

Answer

85%

Question 7

The circle of Willis provides collateral cerebral circulation by connecting the anterior and posterior circulations. Which vessel connects the two anterior cerebral arteries?

Accepted Answer

Anterior communicating artery

Answer

Posterior communicating artery

Answer

Middle cerebral artery

Answer

Basilar artery