UTC Clinical Procedures & Protocols 4

Question 1

During a renal ultrasound, the sonographer measures the right kidney at 13.5 cm in length. What is the clinical significance of this finding in an adult?

Accepted Answer

Possible renal hypertrophy or compensatory enlargement

Answer

Normal adult kidney length is approximately 9–12 cm; a length of 13.5 cm suggests possible hypertrophy, often compensatory when the contralateral kidney is absent or non-functional.

Question 2

Which Doppler waveform pattern is expected in a normal hepatic vein?

Accepted Answer

Triphasic pulsatile waveform reflecting cardiac activity

Answer

Normal hepatic veins display a triphasic pulsatile waveform due to their proximity to the right atrium and transmission of cardiac pressure changes.

Question 3

A patient with cirrhosis undergoes Doppler evaluation of the portal vein. Which finding would indicate portal hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Hepatofugal (reversed) portal vein flow

Answer

Hepatofugal (away from the liver) portal vein flow is a definitive sign of portal hypertension, indicating flow reversal due to elevated portal pressures.

Question 4

When scanning for a Baker's cyst, the sonographer should primarily evaluate which anatomical region?

Accepted Answer

Posterior knee, between the medial head of gastrocnemius and semimembranosus tendons

Answer

Baker's (popliteal) cysts arise characteristically between the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle and the semimembranosus tendon in the popliteal fossa.

Question 5

Which measurement is used to assess the degree of hydronephrosis when grading with the Society for Fetal Urology (SFU) system?

Accepted Answer

Renal pelvic anteroposterior diameter and calyceal dilation

Answer

The SFU grading system evaluates hydronephrosis based on the degree of renal pelvic dilation and the extent of calyceal involvement (none, major, major+minor).

(UTC) Ultrasound Technologist Certification Practice Test

(UTC) Ultrasound Technologist Certification Practice Test

UTC Clinical Procedures & Protocols 4