UTC Ultrasound Physics & Instrumentation

Question 1

What is the accepted average speed of sound in soft tissue used as the standard for ultrasound imaging calculations?

Accepted Answer

1,540 m/s

Answer

1,450 m/s

Answer

1,620 m/s

Answer

1,330 m/s

Question 2

The piezoelectric effect in ultrasound transducers refers to which property?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of electrical energy to mechanical vibrations and vice versa

Answer

Absorption of sound waves by tissue

Answer

Reflection of sound at tissue interfaces

Answer

Attenuation of sound waves in fluid

Question 3

Acoustic impedance (Z) is calculated using which two factors?

Accepted Answer

Density and propagation speed

Answer

Frequency and wavelength

Answer

Amplitude and phase

Answer

Power and intensity

Question 4

Which type of resolution describes the ability to distinguish two adjacent structures lying side by side perpendicular to the ultrasound beam?

Accepted Answer

Lateral resolution

Answer

Axial resolution

Answer

Temporal resolution

Answer

Contrast resolution

Question 5

What happens to the wavelength of an ultrasound wave when the frequency is increased while propagation speed remains constant?

Accepted Answer

Wavelength decreases proportionally

Answer

Wavelength increases proportionally

Answer

Wavelength remains unchanged

Answer

Wavelength doubles

Question 6

Which unit is used to measure the total acoustic power output of an ultrasound transducer?

Accepted Answer

Watts (W)

Answer

Decibels (dB)

Answer

Hertz (Hz)

Answer

Pascal (Pa)

Question 7

Axial resolution in ultrasound is primarily determined by which factor?

Accepted Answer

Spatial pulse length

Answer

Beam width at the focal zone

Answer

Pulse repetition frequency

Answer

Transducer diameter