Basic Patient Care Techniques Flashcards

When assisting a patient with a bed bath, in which order should body parts be washed?

Answer: Face first, then arms, trunk, legs, and perineal area last

Bathing proceeds from cleanest to dirtiest areas, starting with the face and ending with the perineal area to prevent spreading microorganisms.

A nursing assistant is providing oral care to an unconscious patient. What is the most important safety precaution?

Answer: Position the patient on their side to prevent aspiration

Positioning an unconscious patient on their side prevents fluid from flowing into the airway and causing aspiration.

How often should a bedridden patient be repositioned to prevent pressure injuries?

Answer: Every 2 hours

Standard practice requires repositioning every 2 hours to relieve pressure on bony prominences and maintain skin integrity.

When performing nail care for a diabetic patient, the nursing assistant should:

Answer: File toenails only and report findings to the nurse

Diabetic patients have impaired circulation and healing; nail care should be limited to filing and any concerns reported to the nurse.

Which water temperature is appropriate for a patient's bath?

Answer: 105–115°F (40–46°C)

Bath water should be between 105–115°F to be comfortable and safe, preventing burns especially in patients with reduced sensation.

A patient refuses to take a bath on their scheduled day. The nursing assistant should:

Answer: Document the refusal and inform the nurse

Patients have the right to refuse care; the nursing assistant must document the refusal and notify the nurse to ensure appropriate follow-up.

When shampooing a bedridden patient's hair, which piece of equipment is most helpful?

Answer: An inflatable or plastic shampoo trough

A shampoo trough channels water away from the bed and allows for thorough hair washing without getting the patient or bed linens wet.