UExcel Psychology

Question 1

Which of the following best defines classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

Learning through associating a neutral stimulus with a naturally occurring stimulus

Answer

Classical conditioning, demonstrated by Pavlov, involves pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus alone produces a response.

Question 2

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need must be met before esteem needs?

Accepted Answer

Love and belongingness

Answer

In Maslow's hierarchy, love and belongingness (social) needs must be satisfied before esteem needs can be addressed.

Question 3

The id, ego, and superego are concepts from which psychological theory?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic theory

Answer

Freud's psychoanalytic theory proposed the id (instincts), ego (rational mediator), and superego (moral conscience) as components of personality.

Question 4

Which research method allows researchers to establish cause and effect?

Accepted Answer

Controlled experiment

Answer

Controlled experiments allow causal conclusions because they manipulate an independent variable while controlling for other factors.

Question 5

What is the term for the tendency to attribute others' behavior to their character rather than the situation?

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

The fundamental attribution error describes overemphasizing dispositional factors and underemphasizing situational factors when explaining others' behavior.

UExcel Practice Test

UExcel Practice Test

UExcel Psychology