UExcel Microbiology Test 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the structures below contains enzyme and antibiotic resistance genes?
- Plasma Membrane
- Plasmid (Correct answer)
- Pilus
- Capsule
Correct answer: Plasmid
Explanation: <br> Plasmids are DNA molecules that are present in bacteria and other microscopic creatures. Plasmids are physically distinct from chromosomal DNA and multiply in their own right.
Question 2: Which of the following statements about endotoxins is false?
- Can cause fever
- Endotoxins are secreted from cells. (Correct answer)
- Can be linked to Meningococcemia
- Produced by gram negative microorganisms
Correct answer: Endotoxins are secreted from cells.
Explanation: <br> Endotoxins are lipopolysaccharides found in Gram-negative bacteria's cell walls that can cause inflammation and fever in higher organisms as an immunological response. Endotoxic reactions can cause anaphylactic shock and death in patients.
Question 3: Which of the following bacteria is incorrectly matched to the proper isolation media?
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae – Pink colonies media (Correct answer)
- Fungi – Sabourand’s agar
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis – Lowenstein-Jensen agar
- Haemophilus influenzae – Chocolate agar
Correct answer: Neisseria gonorrhoeae – Pink colonies media
The correct answer: <br> Neisseria gonorrhoeae – Pink colonies media
Question 4: Which of the following structures is the most crucial in microbial cell attachment?
- Glycocalix (Correct answer)
- Peptidoglycan
- Flagellum
- Plasmid
Correct answer: Glycocalix
Explanation: <br> The glycocalyx, also known as the pericellular matrix, is a glycoprotein and glycolipid layer that protects bacteria, epithelial cells, and other cells' cell membranes. Martinez-Palomo identified the glycocalyx, a cell covering seen in animal cells, in 1970.
Question 5: Which of the diseases and germs listed below are mismatched?
- Gastritis – Heliobacter pylori
- Cellulitis – Pasteurella multocida
- Lyme disease – Yersinia pestis (Correct answer)
- Tularemia – Francisella tularensis
Correct answer: Lyme disease – Yersinia pestis
The correct answer: <br> Lyme disease – Yersinia pestis
Question 6: Which of the following bacteria is not gram-negative?
- Vibrio cholerae
- Bordetella pertussis
- Clostridium perfringens (Correct answer)
- Escherichia coli
Correct answer: Clostridium perfringens
Explanation: <br> Clostridium perfringens is an opportunistic bacterium that can cause gas gangrene, meningitis, appendicitis, respiratory and urinary tract infections, septicaemia, sudden infant death syndrome, and a variety of gastrointestinal problems in humans and animals.
Question 7: Which of the following statements about Staphylococcus aureus is false?
- Staphylococcus aureus can cause pneumonia
- Staphylococcus aureus does not make coagulase (Correct answer)
- Staphylococcus aureus is related to inflammation.
- Staphylococcus aureus can lead to acute bacterial endocarditis
Correct answer: Staphylococcus aureus does not make coagulase
Explanation: <br> Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive, round-shaped bacterium that belongs to the Bacillota family. It is a common member of the body's microbiota, commonly found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin.
Question 8: Which of the bacteria below stains well?
- Chlamydia
- Escherichia coli (Correct answer)
- Legionella pneumophila
- Treponema
Correct answer: Escherichia coli
Explanation: <br> E. coli is a bacteria found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded animals.
Question 9: Which of the diseases and germs on this list are mismatched?
- Tinea nigra – Cladosporium werneckii
- Treponema pallidum – Syphilis
- Yersinia enterocolitica – Diptheria (Correct answer)
- Borrelia burgdorferi – Lyme disease
Correct answer: Yersinia enterocolitica – Diptheria
The correct answer : <br> Yersinia enterocolitica – Diptheria
UExcel Microbiology Test 1
Which of the structures below contains enzyme and antibiotic resistance genes?