Korean Particle Usage Flashcards

Which particle is used to mark the topic of a Korean sentence?

Answer: 은/는

은/는 is the topic marker in Korean, used to introduce or contrast the topic of a sentence.

Which particle marks the grammatical subject performing the action in a Korean sentence?

Answer: 이/가

이/가 is the subject marker in Korean, identifying who or what performs or is described by the predicate.

Which particle marks the direct object receiving the action of a verb?

Answer: 을/를

을/를 is the object marker in Korean, indicating the noun directly receiving the verb's action.

Which particle indicates the static location of existence, used with verbs like 있다 and 없다?

Answer: 에

에 is used with existence verbs like 있다/없다 to indicate where something is located.

Which particle indicates the location where an action or event takes place?

Answer: 에서

에서 marks the location where an action occurs, distinguishing it from 에 which marks static location of existence.

Which particle is attached to a destination or direction when used with movement verbs like 가다 and 오다?

Answer: 에

에 is used with movement verbs to indicate the destination or direction toward which one moves.

Which particle is used to connect nouns meaning 'and' or 'with' in formal or written Korean?

Answer: 와/과

와/과 is the formal conjunction particle meaning 'and/with,' used primarily in written or formal contexts.

Which particle marks the starting point of time or sequence, meaning 'from' or 'starting from'?

Answer: 부터

부터 marks the starting point of time or sequence, expressing 'from' or 'beginning from' a point.

Which particle marks an endpoint or limit, meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as'?

Answer: 까지

까지 marks the endpoint or limit of time, distance, or extent, meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'to.'

Which particle means 'only' or 'just,' restricting meaning exclusively to the marked noun?

Answer: 만

만 is a limiting particle meaning 'only' or 'just,' excluding everything other than the marked noun.

Which particle means 'also,' 'too,' or 'even,' adding the noun to an existing set?

Answer: 도

도 is an additive particle meaning 'also,' 'too,' or 'even,' indicating inclusion alongside something already mentioned.

Which particle conveys 'each' or 'every,' distributed across each member of a set?

Answer: 마다

마다 is a distributive particle meaning 'each' or 'every,' as in 날마다 ('every day') or 사람마다 ('each person').

Which particle expresses approximation, meaning 'about' or 'around' when attached to a number or quantity?

Answer: 쯤

쯤 is used after numbers or quantities to express approximation, meaning 'about' or 'around a certain amount.'

Which particle marks an animate recipient of an action (giving, showing, telling something to a person)?

Answer: 에게/한테

에게 (formal) or 한테 (informal) marks the animate recipient of an action, equivalent to 'to' when giving or telling someone something.

Which particle indicates means of transportation, method, direction, or material something is made of?

Answer: 로/으로

로/으로 is a versatile particle indicating means (버스로, 'by bus'), direction (toward), method, or material something is composed of.

Which particle expresses possession, equivalent to 'of' or the English possessive 's?

Answer: 의

의 is the possessive particle in Korean, linking a possessor to a possessed noun, as in 선생님의 책 ('the teacher's book').

When 이/가 is used instead of 은/는, what function does it typically serve?

Answer: Highlighting new or focused information about the subject

이/가 typically focuses on new or emphasized information, while 은/는 is used for known information or contrast between topics.

Which particle marks an animate source from whom something is received, meaning 'from (a person)'?

Answer: 에게서/한테서

에게서/한테서 marks the animate source from whom something is received, distinct from 에게/한테 which marks the recipient.

께 is the honorific form of which particle?

Answer: 에게

께 is the honorific equivalent of 에게, used when giving something to or acting toward a socially respected person.

In the phrase '학교에서 집까지,' what meaning do 에서 and 까지 convey together?

Answer: From school to home

에서 marks the starting point ('from school') and 까지 marks the endpoint ('to/until home'), together expressing movement from one place to another.