TIA Pediatric Nursing 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A child with epiglottitis is brought to the emergency department. Which nursing action is the priority?
- Obtain a throat culture using a tongue depressor
- Keep the child calm and do not examine the throat (Correct answer)
- Administer antipyretics and obtain an IV access
- Place the child supine and prepare for intubation
Correct answer: Keep the child calm and do not examine the throat
Examining the throat in epiglottitis can trigger complete airway obstruction; the child must remain calm, preferably in a parent's lap, while airway management is prepared.
Question 2: A 2-year-old child has a barking cough and inspiratory stridor that worsens at night. The nurse suspects:
- Epiglottitis
- Bacterial tracheitis
- Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) (Correct answer)
- Foreign body aspiration
Correct answer: Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
Croup presents with a characteristic 'seal-like' barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and symptoms that worsen at night, typically in children 6 months to 3 years.
Question 3: A nurse is administering a medication to a 4-year-old child. Which approach is most developmentally appropriate?
- Tell the child the medicine will not hurt at all
- Give the child a choice between two acceptable options (e.g., cup or spoon) (Correct answer)
- Explain the drug mechanism and its importance
- Tell the child they will get a shot if they refuse
Correct answer: Give the child a choice between two acceptable options (e.g., cup or spoon)
Offering limited choices gives preschoolers a sense of control, improving cooperation without dishonesty or threats.
Question 4: A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old for developmental milestones. Which finding is expected?
- Pulling to stand
- Rolling from back to front and front to back (Correct answer)
- Walking with support
- Speaking 2–3 word phrases
Correct answer: Rolling from back to front and front to back
By 6 months, most infants can roll in both directions; pulling to stand is expected around 9–12 months.
Question 5: A child with acute otitis media is prescribed amoxicillin. A parent asks how long the course should be. The standard treatment duration for a child under 2 years is:
- 3 days
- 5 days
- 7 days
- 10 days (Correct answer)
Correct answer: 10 days
Children under 2 years with acute otitis media are typically treated with a 10-day course of amoxicillin.
Question 6: A nurse is preparing to perform a venipuncture on a 7-year-old. Which pain management strategy is most appropriate?
- Tell the child to close their eyes and it will be over quickly
- Apply EMLA cream 60 minutes before the procedure (Correct answer)
- Perform the procedure without preparation to reduce anticipatory anxiety
- Have the parent physically restrain the child
Correct answer: Apply EMLA cream 60 minutes before the procedure
EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetics) cream applied 60 minutes before venipuncture reduces procedural pain in children.
TIA Pediatric Nursing 1
A child with epiglottitis is brought to the emergency department.
Which nursing action is the priority?