TBI TBI Cognitive & Behavioral Outcomes 2

Question 1

What is 'executive dysfunction' in the context of TBI, and which brain region is most associated with it?

Accepted Answer

Impaired planning, problem-solving, cognitive flexibility, and initiation; prefrontal cortex

Answer

Executive dysfunction involves impaired higher-order cognitive control functions and is primarily linked to prefrontal cortex damage in TBI.

Question 2

Which behavioral syndrome after TBI is characterized by reduced initiation, flat affect, reduced spontaneous movement, and apathy despite intact cognition?

Accepted Answer

Akinetic mutism

Answer

Akinetic mutism is a severe disorder of motivation and initiation seen after bilateral frontal or anterior cingulate damage in TBI.

Question 3

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can co-occur with TBI; which symptom overlap makes dual diagnosis challenging?

Accepted Answer

Sleep disturbance, concentration problems, and irritability appear in both conditions

Answer

Many symptoms (insomnia, poor concentration, irritability, hyperarousal) are shared between TBI sequelae and PTSD, complicating differential diagnosis.

Question 4

Which cognitive rehabilitation strategy is most effective for memory deficits after moderate-to-severe TBI?

Accepted Answer

Compensatory strategy training using external aids (notebooks, calendars, alarms)

Answer

Compensatory strategies using external memory aids are the most evidence-based approach for memory dysfunction in TBI rehabilitation.

Question 5

Sleep disturbance after TBI most commonly manifests as which pattern?

Accepted Answer

Insomnia, fragmented sleep, fatigue, and excessive daytime sleepiness

Answer

TBI disrupts sleep architecture through hypothalamic and brainstem damage, resulting in mixed sleep disorders including insomnia and hypersomnia.

TBI - Traumatic Brain Injury Certification Practice Test

TBI - Traumatic Brain Injury Certification Practice Test

TBI TBI Cognitive & Behavioral Outcomes 2