Spring Framework Spring Data & JPA

Question 1

Which annotation marks a Java class as a JPA entity that can be persisted in a relational database?

Accepted Answer

@Entity

Answer

@Component

Answer

@Repository

Answer

@Persistent

Question 2

Which Spring Data interface provides the minimum set of CRUD operations for a repository?

Accepted Answer

CrudRepository

Answer

JpaRepository

Answer

Repository

Answer

PagingAndSortingRepository

Question 3

What does the @GeneratedValue annotation configure when used alongside @Id in a JPA entity?

Accepted Answer

The strategy used to generate primary key values

Answer

The column name for the primary key

Answer

The default value assigned to a column

Answer

The sequence ordering of entity records

Question 4

Which annotation is used in a Spring Data JPA repository interface to define a custom JPQL or native SQL query?

Accepted Answer

@Query

Answer

@CustomQuery

Answer

@SQL

Answer

@NamedQuery

Question 5

What is the primary effect of applying @Transactional to a Spring service method?

Accepted Answer

The method executes within a database transaction, with automatic commit or rollback

Answer

The method runs asynchronously on a separate thread

Answer

The method's results are cached for subsequent calls

Answer

The method is scheduled to run at a fixed interval

Question 6

How does saveAndFlush() in JpaRepository differ from save()?

Accepted Answer

It immediately synchronizes the entity state with the database within the current transaction

Answer

It saves the entity only if it does not already exist in the database

Answer

It saves the entity asynchronously without blocking

Answer

It saves and then invalidates any cached version of the entity

Question 7

What is the return type of the findById() method defined in Spring Data's CrudRepository?

Accepted Answer

Optional<T>

Answer

T

Answer

List<T>

Answer

Collection<T>