SMS Neurological and Medical Conditions 1

Question 1

What does an ASIA Impairment Scale grade 'A' indicate in a client with spinal cord injury?

Accepted Answer

Complete injury with no sensory or motor function below the neurological level

Answer

ASIA grade A indicates a complete SCI with absolutely no motor or sensory function preserved in the sacral segments S4–S5.

Question 2

A client with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis presents with increasing fatigue and lower extremity weakness. Which seating feature should be prioritized FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Tilt-in-space functionality to manage fatigue and enable passive pressure relief

Answer

Tilt-in-space reduces the energy expenditure of active repositioning, directly addressing the fatigue that is a hallmark of progressive MS.

Question 3

A client with a C6 complete spinal cord injury typically has preserved function in which muscle group?

Accepted Answer

Wrist extensors (ECRL/ECRB)

Answer

The C6 myotome includes wrist extensors, which are critical for tenodesis grasp function and manual wheelchair propulsion with adaptations.

Question 4

Which spasticity pattern most commonly produces a windswept hip deformity in children with cerebral palsy?

Accepted Answer

Asymmetric tone pulling one hip into adduction and the opposite into abduction

Answer

Windswept deformity results from asymmetric tone that forces both hips in opposite directions simultaneously, creating the characteristic 'swept' appearance.

Question 5

In late-stage ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), which wheelchair feature becomes MOST essential as the disease progresses?

Accepted Answer

Power tilt and recline for passive positioning and pressure management

Answer

Progressive motor neuron loss in ALS eliminates the client's ability to independently reposition; power tilt and recline provide pressure relief and positioning that the client can no longer perform actively.

SMS - Certified Seating and Mobility Specialist Practice Test

SMS - Certified Seating and Mobility Specialist Practice Test

SMS Neurological and Medical Conditions 1