SMS Neurological and Medical Conditions

Question 1

What does an ASIA Impairment Scale grade 'A' indicate in a client with spinal cord injury?

Accepted Answer

Complete injury with no sensory or motor function below the neurological level

Answer

Incomplete injury with some motor function preserved below the level

Answer

Incomplete injury with sensory function only below the level

Answer

Normal neurological function with minor deficits

Question 2

A client with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis presents with increasing fatigue and lower extremity weakness. Which seating feature should be prioritized FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Tilt-in-space functionality to manage fatigue and enable passive pressure relief

Answer

Custom contoured back support only

Answer

Pressure relief cushion as the sole intervention

Answer

Manual lightweight frame to encourage activity

Question 3

A client with a C6 complete spinal cord injury typically has preserved function in which muscle group?

Accepted Answer

Wrist extensors (ECRL/ECRB)

Answer

Finger flexors and intrinsic hand muscles

Answer

Elbow extensors (triceps)

Answer

Full grasp and release function

Question 4

Which spasticity pattern most commonly produces a windswept hip deformity in children with cerebral palsy?

Accepted Answer

Asymmetric tone pulling one hip into adduction and the opposite into abduction

Answer

Symmetric hip adductor spasticity pulling both hips inward

Answer

Isolated bilateral hip flexor spasticity

Answer

Symmetric hip extensor spasticity

Question 5

In late-stage ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), which wheelchair feature becomes MOST essential as the disease progresses?

Accepted Answer

Power tilt and recline for passive positioning and pressure management

Answer

Rigid ultralight frame to maximize propulsion efficiency

Answer

Standard sling seat for portability

Answer

High-grip push rims to compensate for hand weakness

Question 6

A client with a T4 complete SCI is at risk for autonomic dysreflexia. Which seating-related trigger must be vigilantly monitored?

Accepted Answer

Noxious stimuli from ill-fitting equipment causing undetected skin irritation or pressure below the injury level

Answer

Wheelchair cushion being too firm for comfort

Answer

Seat pan width being slightly too wide

Answer

Backrest height being set too high

Question 7

Which GMFCS level describes a child with cerebral palsy who walks using a handheld mobility device but uses wheeled mobility for longer community distances?

Accepted Answer

Level III

Answer

Level I

Answer

Level II

Answer

Level IV