SMS Pressure Injury Prevention and Skin Integrity

Question 1

According to the National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP), a Stage 2 pressure injury is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis

Answer

Intact skin with non-blanchable erythema

Answer

Full-thickness skin loss with visible fat

Answer

Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle

Question 2

Which seated position places the highest pressure on the ischial tuberosities?

Accepted Answer

Upright 90-degree hip flexion without cushion

Answer

Semi-reclined with tilt

Answer

Fully reclined at 135 degrees

Answer

Anterior pelvic tilt on a contoured cushion

Question 3

Shear forces in seating contribute to pressure injury development primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Causing tissue deformation and disrupting microcirculation in deeper tissues

Answer

Increasing blood flow to the skin surface

Answer

Reducing moisture on the skin surface

Answer

Stretching the skin surface without affecting underlying tissue

Question 4

A pressure mapping system in seating evaluation is used to:

Accepted Answer

Visualize and quantify interface pressure distribution between the client and the seating surface

Answer

Measure the client's blood pressure during sitting

Answer

Assess joint range of motion in sitting

Answer

Test cushion durability over time

Question 5

Which client population is at HIGHEST risk for seated pressure injuries?

Accepted Answer

Clients with spinal cord injury, insensate skin, and limited mobility

Answer

Ambulatory clients who use a wheelchair occasionally

Answer

Clients with full sensation and normal cognition

Answer

Elderly clients with mild osteoarthritis

Question 6

How often should a client with full sensation be instructed to perform seated pressure reliefs?

Accepted Answer

Every 15–30 minutes

Answer

Every 2 hours

Answer

Once daily

Answer

Only when experiencing discomfort