SIA CP Emergency First Aid — Questions and Answers
Question 1: In the UK, what is the emergency telephone number to call for an ambulance?
- 911
- 112 or 999 (Correct answer)
- 101
- 111
Correct answer: 112 or 999
In the UK, 999 is the primary emergency number and 112 is the European emergency number that also works in the UK. Both connect to ambulance, fire, and police services.
Question 2: What does 'DR ABC' stand for in first aid?
- Doctor, Ambulance, Bandage, Care
- Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation (Correct answer)
- Direct, Respond, Assess, Bind, Call
- Diagnose, Rest, Apply, Breathe, Check
Correct answer: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation
DR ABC is a primary survey acronym: Danger (check the area is safe), Response (check if the casualty responds), Airway (open the airway), Breathing (check for normal breathing), Circulation (look for severe bleeding).
Question 3: What is the correct ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths for adult CPR in the UK?
- 15 compressions to 1 breath
- 30 compressions to 2 breaths (Correct answer)
- 10 compressions to 3 breaths
- 5 compressions to 1 breath
Correct answer: 30 compressions to 2 breaths
The UK Resuscitation Council recommends 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths for adult CPR. Compressions should be at a rate of 100-120 per minute.
Question 4: What position should an unconscious but breathing casualty be placed in?
- Sitting upright
- The recovery position (on their side) (Correct answer)
- Flat on their back
- Face down (prone)
Correct answer: The recovery position (on their side)
An unconscious casualty who is breathing normally should be placed in the recovery position (on their side) to keep the airway clear and prevent choking if they vomit.
Question 5: What should you do first if a casualty is bleeding severely from a wound?
- Apply a tourniquet immediately
- Apply direct pressure to the wound and call for help (Correct answer)
- Wash the wound with water
- Remove any clothing from the area
Correct answer: Apply direct pressure to the wound and call for help
For severe bleeding, apply direct pressure to the wound using a clean pad or clothing, and call for emergency help. Elevate the injured area if possible and keep the casualty warm.
Question 6: What is anaphylaxis?
- A type of bone fracture
- A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction (Correct answer)
- A form of heat exhaustion
- A type of seizure
Correct answer: A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction
Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can cause swelling of the airways, breathing difficulties, a drop in blood pressure, and loss of consciousness. It requires immediate treatment with adrenaline (epinephrine).
SIA CP Emergency First Aid
In the UK, what is the emergency telephone number to call for an ambulance?