History and Polity of India Flashcards

Which Amendment to the Indian Constitution is known as the 'Mini Constitution'?

Answer: 42nd Amendment

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976) is called the 'Mini Constitution' as it made the most sweeping changes, adding 'Socialist,' 'Secular,' and 'Integrity' to the Constitution.

Who wrote the famous book 'Arthashastra'?

Answer: Chanakya (Kautilya)

Arthashastra was written by Chanakya (also known as Kautilya or Vishnugupta), the prime minister and advisor of Chandragupta Maurya, around 3rd century BCE.

The Rajya Sabha is also known as the:

Answer: Both B and C

The Rajya Sabha is the upper house of Parliament and is officially known as the 'Council of States' (Rajya Sabha in Hindi). It is also commonly called the 'Upper House.'

The 'Third Battle of Panipat' (1761) was fought between:

Answer: Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali

The Third Battle of Panipat (January 14, 1761) was fought between the Marathas (led by Viswasrao) and Ahmad Shah Abdali (Afghan king), resulting in a crushing defeat for the Marathas.

Under which Constitutional article can a citizen approach the Supreme Court directly for enforcement of Fundamental Rights?

Answer: Article 32

Article 32 gives citizens the right to approach the Supreme Court directly for enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Dr. Ambedkar called it the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution.

Which Mughal emperor is credited with building the Taj Mahal?

Answer: Shah Jahan

Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal between 1632 and 1653 in memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died during childbirth.