PU Fetal Anomaly Detection

Question 1

What ultrasound finding is the hallmark of anencephaly?

Accepted Answer

Absent cranial vault above the orbits

Answer

Anencephaly is characterized by complete absence of the cranial vault and cerebral hemispheres above the orbits, resulting in a 'frog-eye' appearance on ultrasound.

Question 2

What is the lemon sign associated with?

Accepted Answer

Spina bifida/open neural tube defect

Answer

The lemon sign refers to scalloping of the frontal bones giving the skull a lemon shape and is a classic second-trimester marker for open spina bifida.

Question 3

A double bubble sign on fetal ultrasound is diagnostic of which condition?

Accepted Answer

Duodenal atresia

Answer

The double bubble sign represents the dilated stomach and proximal duodenum separated by the pylorus, which is pathognomonic for duodenal atresia.

Question 4

What is gastroschisis?

Accepted Answer

A defect in the abdominal wall to the right of the umbilicus with herniated bowel

Answer

Gastroschisis is a paraumbilical abdominal wall defect, usually to the right of the cord, through which bowel herniates freely without a covering membrane.

Question 5

Which marker on second-trimester ultrasound is associated with Down syndrome (Trisomy 21)?

Accepted Answer

Absent or hypoplastic nasal bone

Answer

An absent or hypoplastic nasal bone is one of the soft markers for Down syndrome identified on second-trimester ultrasound.

PU - Pregnancy Ultrasound Certification Practice Test

PU - Pregnancy Ultrasound Certification Practice Test

PU Fetal Anomaly Detection