Free PU Obstetric Ultrasound Protocols Questions and Answers — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the primary purpose of the first-trimester ultrasound?
- To detect placental abnormalities
- To confirm pregnancy, estimate gestational age, and check for multiples (Correct answer)
- To assess fetal movement and organ development
- To measure amniotic fluid levels
Correct answer: To confirm pregnancy, estimate gestational age, and check for multiples
The first-trimester ultrasound is typically performed between 6 and 14 weeks of gestation. Its main objectives are to confirm the presence of a viable pregnancy, accurately estimate the gestational age (due date), and determine if there are multiple fetuses. It also helps to identify potential early complications like ectopic pregnancy.
Question 2: During a routine second-trimester anatomy scan, which of the following is NOT typically assessed?
- Fetal organs and skeletal system
- Placental location
- Cervical length
- Maternal hormone levels (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Maternal hormone levels
The second-trimester anatomy scan, usually performed between 18-22 weeks, is a detailed examination of the fetus's organs, skeletal system, and overall development, as well as the placenta's location and cervical length. Maternal hormone levels are typically assessed through blood tests, not directly through an ultrasound scan.
Question 3: What is the appropriate protocol for measuring fetal heart rate during an obstetric ultrasound?
- Use Doppler ultrasound for continuous monitoring throughout the scan.
- Measure the heart rate using M-mode ultrasound. (Correct answer)
- Visually estimate the rate during real-time imaging.
- Record fetal heart sounds with a stethoscope.
Correct answer: Measure the heart rate using M-mode ultrasound.
M-mode ultrasound is a specific display mode that shows the movement of structures over time along a single line. It is particularly useful for accurately measuring the fetal heart rate by tracking the movement of the heart valves or walls, providing a precise numerical value. Doppler ultrasound is used for blood flow, not typically for heart rate measurement in this context.
Question 4: When performing a biophysical profile (BPP), which of the following parameters is NOT included?
- Fetal breathing movements
- Amniotic fluid volume
- Placental weight (Correct answer)
- Gross fetal body movements
Correct answer: Placental weight
A biophysical profile (BPP) is a prenatal test that assesses fetal well-being by evaluating five parameters: fetal breathing movements, gross fetal body movements, fetal tone, amniotic fluid volume, and a non-stress test (fetal heart rate reactivity). Placental weight is not a component of the standard BPP assessment.
Question 5: At what gestational age is it recommended to perform a detailed fetal anatomy scan?
- 8–10 weeks
- 12–14 weeks
- 18–22 weeks (Correct answer)
- 28–32 weeks
Correct answer: 18–22 weeks
The detailed fetal anatomy scan is a crucial ultrasound performed between 18 and 22 weeks of gestation. At this stage, the fetal organs are sufficiently developed and large enough to be clearly visualized and assessed for any structural abnormalities or developmental issues. This timing allows for early detection and management planning if necessary.
Free PU Obstetric Ultrasound Protocols Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of the first-trimester ultrasound?