PU Placenta and Amniotic Fluid Evaluation 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is placenta previa?
- A placenta that covers or is adjacent to the internal cervical os (Correct answer)
- A placenta implanted in the uterine fundus
- A placenta with abnormal cord insertion
- A calcified placenta in late pregnancy
Correct answer: A placenta that covers or is adjacent to the internal cervical os
Placenta previa occurs when the placenta is implanted in the lower uterine segment, partially or completely covering the internal cervical os.
Question 2: What AFI value defines oligohydramnios?
- Less than 5 cm (Correct answer)
- Less than 8 cm
- Less than 10 cm
- Less than 15 cm
Correct answer: Less than 5 cm
Oligohydramnios is diagnosed when the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is less than 5 cm, indicating a dangerously low level of amniotic fluid.
Question 3: Which ultrasound finding is associated with placenta accreta spectrum?
- Loss of the retroplacental hypoechoic zone (Correct answer)
- Thick placenta over 5 cm
- Placenta in the fundus
- Bilobed placenta
Correct answer: Loss of the retroplacental hypoechoic zone
Loss of the normal retroplacental hypoechoic (clear) zone between the placenta and myometrium is a key ultrasound sign of placenta accreta.
Question 4: What is polyhydramnios defined as using the AFI?
- AFI greater than 24 cm (Correct answer)
- AFI greater than 20 cm
- AFI greater than 30 cm
- AFI greater than 18 cm
Correct answer: AFI greater than 24 cm
Polyhydramnios is diagnosed when the AFI exceeds 24 cm, indicating excess amniotic fluid that may be associated with fetal anomalies or maternal diabetes.
Question 5: What is the single deepest pocket (SDP) method used to evaluate?
- Amniotic fluid volume (Correct answer)
- Placental thickness
- Fetal weight
- Uterine artery blood flow
Correct answer: Amniotic fluid volume
The single deepest pocket method measures the largest vertical pocket of amniotic fluid free of fetal parts or umbilical cord to assess amniotic fluid volume.
Question 6: A normal placenta at term appears as which grade on the Grannum classification?
- Grade 0 to Grade II (Correct answer)
- Grade III only
- Grade IV
- All grades are normal
Correct answer: Grade 0 to Grade II
Placental grades 0 through II are considered normal during term pregnancy, while Grade III may indicate premature maturation.
PU Placenta and Amniotic Fluid Evaluation 1
What is placenta previa?