Psychoanalysis Human Development and Behavior 2

Question 1

In Freud's psychosexual stages, what is the central conflict of the anal stage?

Accepted Answer

Control and autonomy around toilet training

Answer

The anal stage centers on the child's developing sense of control and autonomy through the retention or expulsion of feces during toilet training.

Question 2

According to Mahler, what developmental achievement marks the end of the 'symbiotic' phase?

Accepted Answer

The infant's gradual differentiation of self from caregiver

Answer

Mahler's symbiotic phase ends as the infant begins differentiation, recognizing that the caregiver is a separate entity from the self.

Question 3

Which Freudian concept describes the redirection of sexual energy toward socially acceptable achievements?

Accepted Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Sublimation is the defense mechanism by which unacceptable impulses, particularly sexual ones, are redirected into socially valued activities like art or work.

Question 4

In Erikson's model, which stage is characterized by the tension between 'industry' and 'inferiority'?

Accepted Answer

School age (6–12 years)

Answer

Erikson's fourth stage, occurring during school age, revolves around the child's sense of competence and productivity versus feelings of inadequacy.

Question 5

What does Winnicott mean by the term 'holding environment'?

Accepted Answer

The caregiver's reliable, empathic care that supports the infant's development

Answer

Winnicott's 'holding environment' refers to the consistent, attuned emotional and physical care a caregiver provides, allowing the infant to develop a sense of safety.

(Psychoanalysis) Psychoanalysis Theory Test Practice Test

(Psychoanalysis) Psychoanalysis Theory Test Practice Test

Psychoanalysis Human Development and Behavior 2