PSB-PN Anatomy & Physiology 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which organ is considered the largest organ of the human body?
- Liver
- Skin (Correct answer)
- Brain
- Heart
Correct answer: Skin
The skin is the largest organ, covering the entire external surface of the body and accounting for about 16% of total body weight.
Question 2: What is the normal resting heart rate range for a healthy adult?
- 40–60 beats per minute
- 60–100 beats per minute (Correct answer)
- 100–120 beats per minute
- 120–150 beats per minute
Correct answer: 60–100 beats per minute
A normal adult resting heart rate is 60–100 beats per minute; rates outside this range may indicate bradycardia or tachycardia.
Question 3: Which blood type is known as the universal donor for red blood cell transfusions?
- A positive
- B negative
- O negative (Correct answer)
- AB positive
Correct answer: O negative
Type O negative blood lacks A, B, and Rh antigens, making it compatible with all blood types and safe for emergency transfusions.
Question 4: The epiglottis serves which primary function during swallowing?
- Produces saliva to begin digestion
- Covers the trachea to prevent aspiration (Correct answer)
- Moves food into the esophagus by peristalsis
- Filters air entering the nasal passage
Correct answer: Covers the trachea to prevent aspiration
The epiglottis is a cartilaginous flap that folds over the trachea during swallowing to prevent food and liquid from entering the airway.
Question 5: How many chambers does the human heart have?
- Two
- Three
- Four (Correct answer)
- Six
Correct answer: Four
The heart has four chambers: the right atrium and right ventricle (pulmonary circuit) and the left atrium and left ventricle (systemic circuit).
Question 6: Which process describes how cells produce identical daughter cells for growth and tissue repair?
- Meiosis
- Mitosis (Correct answer)
- Osmosis
- Diffusion
Correct answer: Mitosis
Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells and is the basis of growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in somatic cells.
Question 7: What is the normal respiratory rate for a healthy adult at rest?
- 8–10 breaths per minute
- 12–20 breaths per minute (Correct answer)
- 24–30 breaths per minute
- 30–40 breaths per minute
Correct answer: 12–20 breaths per minute
A normal adult respiratory rate is 12–20 breaths per minute; rates above 20 may indicate tachypnea, while below 12 may indicate bradypnea.
PSB-PN Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which organ is considered the largest organ of the human body?