Pediatric Nurse Exam Pediatric Nurse Common Pediatric Emergencies 2

Question 1

A 4-year-old presents with sudden onset stridor, drooling, and a muffled voice. The child prefers to sit upright and looks toxic. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottitis

Answer

Epiglottitis presents with the classic triad of drooling, dysphagia, and distress along with a toxic appearance and preference for the tripod position.

Question 2

A 6-week-old infant is brought in with projectile vomiting after every feeding. The infant appears hungry and is losing weight. What condition does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Answer

Pyloric stenosis classically presents at 2–8 weeks with projectile, non-bilious vomiting and a constantly hungry infant who is losing weight.

Question 3

During assessment of a child in anaphylaxis, which intervention takes the highest priority?

Accepted Answer

Administering intramuscular epinephrine to the lateral thigh

Answer

Intramuscular epinephrine to the anterolateral thigh is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis and should be given before all other interventions.

Question 4

A 3-year-old is found unresponsive with a suspected opioid ingestion. Respirations are 6/min and shallow. What is the priority intervention?

Accepted Answer

Administer naloxone and provide bag-valve-mask ventilation

Answer

Respiratory depression from opioid toxicity is reversed with naloxone while providing assisted ventilation to correct hypoxia.

Question 5

A 10-year-old diabetic child presents with fruity breath, Kussmaul respirations, and a blood glucose of 520 mg/dL. Which electrolyte abnormality is of greatest concern during insulin therapy?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalemia

Answer

Insulin drives potassium into cells, causing potentially fatal hypokalemia during DKA treatment; potassium must be monitored closely.

Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Test

Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Test

Pediatric Nurse Exam Pediatric Nurse Common Pediatric Emergencies 2