Pediatric Nurse Chronic Conditions and Care Questions and Answers

Question 1

A school-aged child with a known diagnosis of asthma reports using their albuterol inhaler for shortness of breath 4-5 times per week and being awakened by coughing approximately once a week.
According to the NHLBI guidelines, how should the nurse classify the child's current asthma severity?

Accepted Answer

Moderate Persistent

Answer

Intermittent

Answer

Mild Persistent

Answer

Severe Persistent

Question 2

A nurse is providing nutritional counseling for the parents of a toddler newly diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Which statement by the parents indicates a correct understanding of the dietary management?

Accepted Answer

"Our child needs a high-calorie, high-protein diet, and we must give pancreatic enzymes with all meals and snacks."

Answer

"We need to make sure our child follows a low-fat, low-calorie diet to prevent stomach upset."

Answer

"We will give the pancreatic enzymes mixed in with a full glass of milk or in warm foods like soup."

Answer

"A gluten-free diet is the most important part of managing the digestive issues."

Question 3

A 10-year-old with type 1 diabetes is at the school nurse's office reporting feeling shaky and sweaty. A fingerstick glucose level is 60 mg/dL. The child is conscious and able to swallow. What is the nurse's priority action?

Accepted Answer

Provide 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate, such as 4 ounces of juice.

Answer

Administer the child's prescribed dose of glargine (long-acting) insulin.

Answer

Call the child's parents to have them pick the child up immediately.

Answer

Have the child lie down and recheck the blood glucose in one hour.

Question 4

A 7-year-old with sickle cell disease is admitted to the pediatric unit with a vaso-occlusive crisis, reporting severe pain in the arms and legs. Which of the following physician orders should the nurse prioritize?

Accepted Answer

Administer intravenous fluids and opioid analgesics.

Answer

Apply cold compresses to painful joints.

Answer

Encourage active range-of-motion exercises.

Answer

Obtain a complete blood count and reticulocyte count.

Question 5

When developing a plan of care for a preschooler with spastic cerebral palsy, which of the following is the most appropriate long-term goal for the nursing team to facilitate?

Accepted Answer

Maximizing functional abilities and preventing musculoskeletal complications.

Answer

Reversal of the underlying brain injury.

Answer

Discouraging the use of adaptive equipment to build strength.

Answer

Achieving developmental milestones at the same pace as typically developing peers.

Question 6

Which of the following nursing actions best exemplifies the core principles of family-centered care when managing a child's newly diagnosed chronic illness?

Accepted Answer

Collaborating with the parents and child to develop an individualized healthcare plan that aligns with their goals and daily routines.

Answer

Providing the family with a standardized information packet and a list of scheduled appointments.

Answer

Making decisions on behalf of the family to reduce their burden during a stressful time.

Answer

Limiting communication to the primary physician to ensure a single, clear source of information.