Pediatric Nurse Exam Pediatric Nurse Neonatal and Newborn Care 2

Question 1

Jaundice appearing within the first 24 hours of life is most commonly caused by which condition?

Accepted Answer

Hemolytic disease due to ABO or Rh incompatibility

Answer

Jaundice within 24 hours is always pathological; hemolytic disease from blood group incompatibility is the most common cause.

Question 2

A mother is Rh-negative and delivers an Rh-positive newborn. Which postpartum medication should the nurse prepare?

Accepted Answer

Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM)

Answer

RhoGAM prevents Rh sensitization in the mother, protecting future pregnancies from hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Question 3

Which newborn reflex is expected to disappear by 4–6 months of age?

Accepted Answer

Moro reflex

Answer

The Moro (startle) reflex is present at birth and normally disappears by 4–6 months as the nervous system matures.

Question 4

During phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, which nursing action is most important?

Accepted Answer

Apply eye shields to protect the retinas

Answer

Eye shields must be applied during phototherapy to protect the newborn's retinas from the intense light used to break down bilirubin.

Question 5

Which nursing intervention is critical to include when a newborn receives phototherapy?

Accepted Answer

Ensure frequent feedings to promote bilirubin excretion

Answer

Phototherapy increases insensible water loss, so frequent feedings maintain hydration and enhance bilirubin excretion through stool.

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