Pediatric CCRN Exam Pediatric CCRN Renal

Question 1

According to KDIGO criteria, which urine output threshold defines oliguria and indicates acute kidney injury (AKI) in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

< 0.5 mL/kg/hr for 6 hours

Answer

< 0.3 mL/kg/hr for 6 hours

Answer

< 1 mL/kg/hr for 4 hours

Answer

< 2 mL/kg/hr for 8 hours

Question 2

A 4-year-old presents with bloody diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and acute kidney injury. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Answer

Nephrotic syndrome

Answer

Henoch-Schönlein purpura

Answer

Acute glomerulonephritis

Question 3

Which is the FIRST-LINE treatment for life-threatening hyperkalemia (K+ > 6.5 mEq/L with ECG changes) in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Calcium gluconate IV

Answer

Sodium bicarbonate IV

Answer

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)

Answer

Furosemide IV

Question 4

A 7-year-old with nephrotic syndrome has periorbital edema and a serum albumin of 1.5 g/dL. What is the PRIMARY pathophysiology of edema in nephrotic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Decreased plasma oncotic pressure

Answer

Increased hydrostatic pressure

Answer

Lymphatic obstruction

Answer

Sodium retention from SIADH

Question 5

What is the correct maintenance fluid requirement for a 20 kg child using the Holliday-Segar method?

Accepted Answer

1,500 mL/day

Answer

1,200 mL/day

Answer

1,400 mL/day

Answer

1,600 mL/day

Question 6

In continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), which modality removes solutes through BOTH convection and diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF)

Answer

Continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH)

Answer

Continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD)

Answer

Slow continuous ultrafiltration (SCUF)

Question 7

A child with AKI has a serum sodium of 122 mEq/L and is actively seizing. What is the most appropriate immediate intervention?

Accepted Answer

3% hypertonic saline bolus

Answer

Normal saline at maintenance rate

Answer

Free water restriction only

Answer

Furosemide with normal saline