Healthcare and Nursing Nutrition & Dietary Management

Question 1

Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with night blindness?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin A deficiency impairs rhodopsin production in the retina, leading to difficulty seeing in low light (night blindness).

Question 2

A patient on a renal diet should restrict intake of which electrolyte to prevent hyperkalemia?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Answer

Patients with chronic kidney disease must limit potassium intake because impaired kidneys cannot adequately excrete it, leading to hyperkalemia.

Question 3

Which type of therapeutic diet is indicated for a patient with dysphagia?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical soft diet

Answer

A mechanical soft diet consists of foods that are easy to chew and swallow, reducing aspiration risk in patients with dysphagia.

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of a clear liquid diet in the postoperative period?

Accepted Answer

To rest the gastrointestinal tract and prevent aspiration

Answer

Clear liquids are easy to digest and minimize GI stress while reducing aspiration risk as peristalsis resumes after surgery.

Question 5

A patient with Type 2 diabetes is following a carbohydrate-controlled diet. Which food choice is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

Brown rice has a lower glycemic index and more fiber than refined carbohydrates, leading to a slower rise in blood glucose.

Healthcare and Nursing Practice Test