Healthcare and Nursing Nutrition & Dietary Management in Healthcare

Question 1

A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) should be educated to limit which of the following nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Potassium, phosphorus, and sodium

Answer

Vitamin C and folate

Answer

Iron and calcium

Answer

Vitamin D and magnesium

Question 2

Which vitamin deficiency is most commonly associated with impaired wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin K

Question 3

A patient with heart failure is placed on a 2-gram sodium-restricted diet. Which food should the nurse instruct the patient to AVOID?

Accepted Answer

Canned chicken noodle soup

Answer

Fresh apples

Answer

Plain oatmeal

Answer

Steamed broccoli

Question 4

Which nutritional assessment tool uses four criteria — weight loss, food intake, functional capacity, and disease severity — to screen for malnutrition risk?

Accepted Answer

Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)

Answer

Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)

Answer

Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST)

Answer

Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002)

Question 5

A patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) suddenly develops tremors, confusion, and seizures. The nurse suspects which electrolyte imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Hypophosphatemia (refeeding syndrome)

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hypercalcemia

Answer

Hypernatremia

Question 6

A patient with Type 2 diabetes asks about carbohydrate counting. What is the recommended gram range of carbohydrates per meal according to general US dietary guidelines for diabetics?

Accepted Answer

45–60 grams

Answer

10–20 grams

Answer

80–100 grams

Answer

120–140 grams