PNCB Pharmacology & Medication Administration

Question 1

What is the best site for administering an intramuscular injection in infants under 12 months?

Accepted Answer

Vastus lateralis

Answer

The vastus lateralis muscle, located in the anterolateral thigh, is the preferred site for intramuscular injections in infants under 12 months. This site is chosen because it is large and well-developed, providing sufficient muscle mass for medication absorption. It also avoids major nerves and blood vessels, making it a safer option compared to other sites like the gluteus maximus.

Question 2

Why are pediatric medication doses typically calculated based on body weight?

Accepted Answer

To ensure accurate dosing based on body size

Answer

Children's bodies differ significantly from adults in terms of metabolism, organ function, and body composition. Calculating medication doses based on body weight ensures that the child receives an appropriate and safe amount of medication. This individualized approach minimizes the risk of underdosing (ineffective treatment) or overdosing (toxicity), accounting for their smaller size and developing systems.

Question 3

Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for pediatric fever and pain?

Accepted Answer

Acetaminophen

Answer

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is a widely recommended and safe medication for reducing fever and alleviating mild to moderate pain in pediatric patients. It is available over-the-counter and is generally well-tolerated when administered at appropriate doses. Aspirin is typically avoided in children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.

Question 4

What is the correct nursing action if a child vomits immediately after taking an oral medication?

Accepted Answer

Call the physician before repeating the dose

Answer

If a child vomits immediately after taking an oral medication, it is crucial to call the physician before repeating the dose. Repeating the dose without medical advice could lead to an overdose if some of the medication was absorbed or if the physician decides a different approach is needed. The physician can assess the situation and provide specific instructions.

Question 5

Which route is commonly used for emergency administration of epinephrine in children with anaphylaxis?

Accepted Answer

Intramuscular

Answer

Intramuscular (IM) injection is the preferred route for emergency administration of epinephrine in children experiencing anaphylaxis. This route allows for rapid absorption of the medication into the bloodstream, which is critical for quickly counteracting the severe allergic reaction. Auto-injectors are designed for easy and effective IM delivery.

Uncategorized Practice Test

Uncategorized Practice Test

PNCB Pharmacology & Medication Administration