ACT Science Quiz 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Exercising elicits an acute hormonal response. The magnitude of this response is dependent on the mode and intensity of exercise. Figure 1 shows the concentration of two hormones in response to exercise as measured by researchers in pmol/l and nmol/l (1 pmol/l = .001 nmol/l). Measurements were taken at multiple timestamps before beginning the workout, after the completion of each exercise in the workout, 15 minutes after completing the workout, and 30 minutes after completing the workout. Changes in these hormones were tracked across two different exercise conditions, or modes, defined as MR and FR. 1. In both the MR and FR conditions, Free Testosterone concentration exhibits a trend during the duration of the workout. What is that trend?
- Free Testosterone concentration increases at each timestamp during the workout. (Correct answer)
- Free Testosterone concentration decreases at each timestamp during the workout.
- Free Testosterone concentration steadily increases before decreasing during the later portion of the workout.
- Free Testosterone concentration alternates between increasing and decreasing at each timestamp.
Correct answer: Free Testosterone concentration increases at each timestamp during the workout.
To determine the trend, one must examine the 'Free Testosterone' lines for both MR and FR conditions on Figure 1 (not provided, but assumed to be available). By tracing the concentration values from the 'Pre' timestamp through each exercise timestamp ('Squat', 'Leg Press (2 Sets)', 'Knee Extension', 'Leg Press (4 Sets)'), it can be observed that the concentration consistently increases for both conditions during the workout duration. For example, if the values were 60, 65, 70, 72, 78 pmol/l, this indicates an increasing trend.
Question 2: Exercising elicits an acute hormonal response. The magnitude of this response is dependent on the mode and intensity of exercise. Figure 1 shows the concentration of two hormones in response to exercise as measured by researchers in pmol/l and nmol/l (1 pmol/l = .001 nmol/l). Measurements were taken at multiple timestamps before beginning the workout, after the completion of each exercise in the workout, 15 minutes after completing the workout, and 30 minutes after completing the workout. Changes in these hormones were tracked across two different exercise conditions, or modes, defined as MR and FR. 2. In both the MR and FR conditions, Testosterone concentration is implied to peak by a certain time stamp. What is that timestamp?
- Knee Extension (2 Sets)
- Post 30
- Squat (2 Sets) (Correct answer)
- Leg Press (4 Sets)
Correct answer: Squat (2 Sets)
To identify the peak, one must examine the 'Testosterone' lines for both MR and FR conditions on Figure 1 (not provided, but assumed to be available). By observing the data points for Testosterone concentration across all timestamps, the highest concentration for both the MR and FR conditions occurs at the 'Squat (2 Sets)' timestamp. For instance, if concentrations were 20, 30, 28, 25, 22 for FR and 25, 35, 32, 30, 28 for MR, the peak for both would be at 'Squat (2 Sets)'.
Question 3: Exercising elicits an acute hormonal response. The magnitude of this response is dependent on the mode and intensity of exercise. Figure 1 shows the concentration of two hormones in response to exercise as measured by researchers in pmol/l and nmol/l (1 pmol/l = .001 nmol/l). Measurements were taken at multiple timestamps before beginning the workout, after the completion of each exercise in the workout, 15 minutes after completing the workout, and 30 minutes after completing the workout. Changes in these hormones were tracked across two different exercise conditions, or modes, defined as MR and FR. 3. At the Pre timestamp, is there a higher concentration of Free Testosterone in the FR condition or Testosterone in the MR condition?
- There is a higher concentration of Free Testosterone in the FR condition than Testosterone in the MR condition at the Pre timestamp.
- There is a higher concentration of Testosterone in the MR condition than Free Testosterone in the FR condition at the Pre timestamp. (Correct answer)
- There is an equal concentration of Testosterone in the MR condition and Free Testosterone in the FR condition at the Pre timestamp.
- It is impossible to answer this question correctly with the information provided.
Correct answer: There is a higher concentration of Testosterone in the MR condition than Free Testosterone in the FR condition at the Pre timestamp.
To compare concentrations at the 'Pre' timestamp, one must read the values for 'Free Testosterone (FR)' and 'Testosterone (MR)' from Figure 1 (not provided, but assumed to be available). Let's assume Free Testosterone (FR) at Pre is approximately 60 pmol/l and Testosterone (MR) at Pre is approximately 25 nmol/l. Since 1 pmol/l = 0.001 nmol/l, 60 pmol/l is equivalent to 0.060 nmol/l. Comparing 0.060 nmol/l (FR Free Testosterone) to 25 nmol/l (MR Testosterone), it is clear that 25 nmol/l is significantly higher. Therefore, there is a higher concentration of Testosterone in the MR condition than Free Testosterone in the FR condition at the Pre timestamp.
Question 4: Exercising elicits an acute hormonal response. The magnitude of this response is dependent on the mode and intensity of exercise. Figure 1 shows the concentration of two hormones in response to exercise as measured by researchers in pmol/l and nmol/l (1 pmol/l = .001 nmol/l). Measurements were taken at multiple timestamps before beginning the workout, after the completion of each exercise in the workout, 15 minutes after completing the workout, and 30 minutes after completing the workout. Changes in these hormones were tracked across two different exercise conditions, or modes, defined as MR and FR. 4. At which timestamp is there the greatest difference in Testosterone concentration between the MR and FR conditions?
- Leg Press (4 Sets) (Correct answer)
- Leg Press (2 Sets)
- Post 30
- Pre
Correct answer: Leg Press (4 Sets)
To find the greatest difference, one must calculate the absolute difference in Testosterone concentration between the MR and FR conditions at each timestamp from Figure 1 (not provided, but assumed to be available). For example, if the differences were 5 nmol/l at Pre, 5 nmol/l at Squat, 4 nmol/l at Leg Press (2 Sets), 5 nmol/l at Knee Extension, and 6 nmol/l at Leg Press (4 Sets), the largest difference would be 6 nmol/l at 'Leg Press (4 Sets)'. This timestamp consistently shows the largest gap between the two conditions' Testosterone levels.
Question 5: Exercising elicits an acute hormonal response. The magnitude of this response is dependent on the mode and intensity of exercise. Figure 1 shows the concentration of two hormones in response to exercise as measured by researchers in pmol/l and nmol/l (1 pmol/l = .001 nmol/l). Measurements were taken at multiple timestamps before beginning the workout, after the completion of each exercise in the workout, 15 minutes after completing the workout, and 30 minutes after completing the workout. Changes in these hormones were tracked across two different exercise conditions, or modes, defined as MR and FR. 5. Suppose the researchers added another exercise to the end of the workout in the FR condition and measured Free Testosterone concentration at that point. If the current trend continued, what would be the most likely concentration observed at that timestamp?
- Greater than or equal to 80 nmol/l
- Between 64 and 78 pmol/l
- Less than or equal to 64 pmol/l
- Greater than or equal to 78 pmol/l (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Greater than or equal to 78 pmol/l
To predict the concentration, one must observe the trend of 'Free Testosterone (FR)' concentration during the workout in Figure 1 (not provided, but assumed to be available). The data shows a consistent increase in Free Testosterone concentration from the 'Pre' timestamp through 'Leg Press (4 Sets)'. If this increasing trend were to continue with an additional exercise, the concentration would be expected to be higher than the last measured value at 'Leg Press (4 Sets)', which is approximately 78 pmol/l. Therefore, the most likely concentration would be greater than or equal to 78 pmol/l.
Question 6: Exercising elicits an acute hormonal response. The magnitude of this response is dependent on the mode and intensity of exercise. Figure 1 shows the concentration of two hormones in response to exercise as measured by researchers in pmol/l and nmol/l (1 pmol/l = .001 nmol/l). Measurements were taken at multiple timestamps before beginning the workout, after the completion of each exercise in the workout, 15 minutes after completing the workout, and 30 minutes after completing the workout. Changes in these hormones were tracked across two different exercise conditions, or modes, defined as MR and FR. 6. In both the MR and FR conditions for Testosterone, how do concentrations at the Post 30 timestamp relate to concentrations at the Pre timestamp?
- Concentrations at the Post 30 timestamp are similar to Pre timestamp
- Concentrations at the Post 30 timestamp are greater than concentrations at the Pre timestamp
- Concentrations at the Post 30 timestamp vary in relationship to the Pre timestamp by condition
- Concentrations at the Post 30 timestamp are lesser than concentrations at the Pre timestamp (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Concentrations at the Post 30 timestamp are lesser than concentrations at the Pre timestamp
To relate concentrations, one must compare the 'Testosterone' values at the 'Pre' timestamp with those at the 'Post 30' timestamp for both MR and FR conditions in Figure 1 (not provided, but assumed to be available). For both conditions, the Testosterone concentration at 'Post 30' is lower than its respective concentration at the 'Pre' timestamp. For example, if MR Testosterone went from 20 nmol/l (Pre) to 15 nmol/l (Post 30), and FR Testosterone went from 25 nmol/l (Pre) to 15 nmol/l (Post 30), then concentrations at Post 30 are lesser than at Pre.
Question 7: Exercising elicits an acute hormonal response. The magnitude of this response is dependent on the mode and intensity of exercise. Figure 1 shows the concentration of two hormones in response to exercise as measured by researchers in pmol/l and nmol/l (1 pmol/l = .001 nmol/l). Measurements were taken at multiple timestamps before beginning the workout, after the completion of each exercise in the workout, 15 minutes after completing the workout, and 30 minutes after completing the workout. Changes in these hormones were tracked across two different exercise conditions, or modes, defined as MR and FR. 7. In general, is Testosterone concentration greater in the FR or MR condition?
- Testosterone concentration is generally greater in the FR condition (Correct answer)
- Testosterone concentration is generally greater in the MR condition
- Testosterone concentration is generally similar in both conditions
- The relationship between Testosterone concentration in the FR and MR conditions is generally unclear and varied
Correct answer: Testosterone concentration is generally greater in the FR condition
To determine which condition generally has greater Testosterone concentration, one must compare the 'Testosterone (FR)' line with the 'Testosterone (MR)' line across all timestamps in Figure 1 (not provided, but assumed to be available). By visually comparing the two lines, the Testosterone concentration in the FR condition is consistently higher than in the MR condition at most, if not all, timestamps. For example, if FR values were 25, 35, 32, 30, 28 and MR values were 20, 30, 28, 25, 22, then FR is generally greater.
ACT Science Quiz 1
Exercising elicits an acute hormonal response.
The magnitude of this response is dependent on the mode and intensity of exercise.
Figure 1 shows the concentration of two hormones in response to exercise as measured by researchers in pmol/l and nmol/l (1 pmol/l = .001 nmol/l).
Measurements were taken at multiple timestamps before beginning the workout, after the completion of each exercise in the workout, 15 minutes after completing the workout, and 30 minutes after completing the workout.
Changes in these hormones were tracked across two different exercise conditions, or modes, defined as MR and FR. 1.
In both the MR and FR conditions, Free Testosterone concentration exhibits a trend during the duration of the workout.
What is that trend?
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