ENPC ENPC Cardiovascular Emergencies

Question 1

A 3-month-old presents with poor feeding, pallor, and mottling. The ECG shows a narrow complex tachycardia with HR of 235 bpm. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

Answer

SVT in infants typically presents with heart rates above 220 bpm, narrow QRS complexes, and signs of poor perfusion.

Question 2

Initial management for a hemodynamically STABLE infant with SVT includes:

Accepted Answer

Vagal maneuvers such as ice bag application to the face

Answer

Vagal maneuvers are the first-line treatment for stable SVT in infants; the diving reflex stimulated by ice water bag application to the face is particularly effective.

Question 3

What is the correct defibrillation energy dose sequence for pediatric ventricular fibrillation?

Accepted Answer

2 J/kg initially, then 4 J/kg for subsequent shocks

Answer

PALS guidelines recommend 2 J/kg for the first defibrillation attempt and 4 J/kg for subsequent attempts in pediatric VF.

Question 4

A 10-year-old collapses during soccer. He is unresponsive, pulseless, and a defibrillator is immediately available showing VF. What is the PRIORITY action?

Accepted Answer

Defibrillate immediately without delay

Answer

In witnessed pediatric cardiac arrest with an immediately available defibrillator and shockable rhythm, early defibrillation should not be delayed.

Question 5

Which finding BEST differentiates cardiogenic shock from septic shock in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Hepatomegaly, gallop rhythm, and jugular venous distension

Answer

Hepatomegaly, gallop rhythm, and JVD are signs of cardiac failure and fluid overload, distinguishing cardiogenic from septic shock.

ENPC - Emergency Nurse Practitioner Practice Test

ENPC - Emergency Nurse Practitioner Practice Test

ENPC ENPC Cardiovascular Emergencies