ENPC ENPC Respiratory Emergencies

Question 1

A child presents with inspiratory stridor, a barking cough, and low-grade fever. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

Answer

Epiglottitis

Answer

Foreign body aspiration

Answer

Bacterial tracheitis

Question 2

A 4-year-old presents with sudden onset of choking, unilateral wheezing, and decreased breath sounds on the right. What is the priority intervention?

Accepted Answer

Prepare for bronchoscopy

Answer

Administer nebulized albuterol

Answer

Obtain a chest X-ray

Answer

Administer racemic epinephrine

Question 3

Which oxygen delivery method provides the highest inspired oxygen concentration for a spontaneously breathing, critically ill pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Non-rebreather mask

Answer

Nasal cannula

Answer

Simple face mask

Answer

Venturi mask

Question 4

A 2-year-old with asthma presents with moderate respiratory distress and SpO2 of 91% after initial albuterol. Which adjunct treatment is MOST appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Ipratropium bromide plus systemic corticosteroids

Answer

IV magnesium sulfate only

Answer

Heliox therapy

Answer

Ketamine infusion

Question 5

Which assessment finding BEST indicates impending respiratory failure in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Altered mental status with decreasing respiratory effort

Answer

Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min in a 3-year-old

Answer

Mild intercostal retractions with clear breath sounds

Answer

SpO2 of 95% on room air

Question 6

When selecting an endotracheal tube for pediatric intubation, current ENPC guidelines recommend which approach?

Accepted Answer

Use a length-based resuscitation tape and consider cuffed tubes for all ages

Answer

Use the formula age/4 + 4 for uncuffed tubes only

Answer

Select tube size based solely on the child's weight

Answer

Always use uncuffed tubes in children under 8 years