Counseling Counseling Theories and Approaches

Question 1

Which theorist developed Person-Centered Therapy, emphasizing unconditional positive regard?

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers

Answer

Carl Rogers developed Person-Centered Therapy, which emphasizes empathy, congruence, and unconditional positive regard as core therapeutic conditions.

Question 2

In Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), what are the automatic negative thoughts called that distort reality?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive distortions

Answer

Cognitive distortions are irrational thought patterns identified in CBT that negatively bias perception and contribute to emotional distress.

Question 3

Adlerian therapy focuses on which core concept as a primary human motivation?

Accepted Answer

Social interest and belonging

Answer

Alfred Adler emphasized social interest (Gemeinschaftsgefühl) — the innate desire to contribute to and belong within one's community — as the hallmark of mental health.

Question 4

Which therapy focuses on accepting uncomfortable thoughts rather than eliminating them?

Accepted Answer

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Answer

ACT uses psychological flexibility, mindfulness, and values-based action to help clients accept unwanted inner experiences rather than fight them.

Question 5

The ABC model is central to which therapeutic approach?

Accepted Answer

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

Answer

Albert Ellis's REBT uses the ABC model where A=Activating event, B=Belief, and C=Consequence, showing beliefs—not events—cause emotional disturbance.

Counseling Practice Test

Counseling Practice Test

Counseling Counseling Theories and Approaches