CNA Basic Human Anatomy and Age-Related Changes

Question 1

Which age-related change commonly affects the cardiovascular system in older adults?

Accepted Answer

Arteries stiffen and blood pressure tends to rise

Answer

As people age, arteries lose elasticity and become stiffer (arteriosclerosis), which commonly leads to higher blood pressure. Resting heart rate does not significantly change with normal aging.

Question 2

An older resident feels cold even when the room is warm. This is most likely due to which age-related change?

Accepted Answer

Decreased ability to regulate body temperature

Answer

Older adults have a decreased ability to regulate body temperature due to reduced metabolic rate, less subcutaneous fat, and diminished circulation. They are more sensitive to cold and heat.

Question 3

Which sensory change is most commonly associated with normal aging?

Accepted Answer

Decreased visual acuity and hearing loss

Answer

Normal aging typically brings decreased visual acuity (often requiring glasses) and progressive hearing loss (presbycusis). These changes are among the most common sensory changes in older adults.

Question 4

Older adults are at higher risk for bone fractures due to which age-related change?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone density (osteoporosis)

Answer

Bone density decreases with age, particularly in postmenopausal women, leading to osteoporosis. This makes bones more fragile and increases the risk of fractures from minor falls or injuries.

Question 5

Which age-related change to the skin increases a resident's risk of pressure injuries?

Accepted Answer

Skin becomes thinner, drier, and less elastic

Answer

Aging causes the skin to become thinner, drier, and less elastic due to decreased oil and sweat gland activity and reduced collagen production. This makes it more vulnerable to breakdown and pressure injuries.

CNA Practice Test

CNA Practice Test

CNA Basic Human Anatomy and Age-Related Changes