ATLS Ocular and Facial Trauma

Question 1

A patient presents with a blunt eye injury and decreased visual acuity. On exam, blood is visible in the anterior chamber. What is this condition called?

Accepted Answer

Hyphema

Answer

Hyphema is the accumulation of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye, commonly caused by blunt trauma.

Question 2

Which finding on examination of an eye injury warrants immediate ophthalmology consultation for possible open globe?

Accepted Answer

Teardrop-shaped pupil

Answer

A teardrop-shaped or peaked pupil suggests iris prolapse through a scleral or corneal laceration, indicating an open globe injury.

Question 3

What is the initial management priority for a patient with a suspected open globe injury?

Accepted Answer

Apply a rigid eye shield without pressure

Answer

A rigid eye shield protects the globe from further pressure while avoiding compression that could extrude intraocular contents.

Question 4

A 28-year-old sustains midface trauma and cannot open his mouth fully. CT shows comminuted fractures of the zygomatic arch bilaterally with posterior displacement. Which muscle movement is most impaired?

Accepted Answer

Masseter action during mouth opening

Answer

Displaced zygomatic arch fragments can impinge on the coronoid process of the mandible, mechanically blocking mouth opening.

Question 5

Le Fort II fractures are characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Pyramidal fracture through the nasal bridge and orbital floors, separating the midface

Answer

Le Fort II (pyramidal) fractures extend through the nasal bones, medial orbital walls, orbital floors, and lateral maxillary sinuses.

ATLS - Advanced Trauma Life Support Practice Test

ATLS - Advanced Trauma Life Support Practice Test

ATLS Ocular and Facial Trauma