OGT Glucose Metabolism and Physiology

Question 1

Which organ is primarily responsible for removing glucose from the bloodstream after an oral glucose load?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle and liver

Answer

After glucose absorption, skeletal muscle and the liver are the primary tissues that take up and store glucose, driven by insulin stimulation.

Question 2

What is the primary hormone released by the pancreas in response to elevated blood glucose?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans secrete insulin in response to rising blood glucose, facilitating cellular glucose uptake.

Question 3

Which pancreatic cell type releases glucagon to counter hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Alpha cells

Answer

Alpha cells in the pancreatic islets secrete glucagon, which stimulates hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to raise blood glucose.

Question 4

What process do liver cells use to convert stored glycogen back to glucose during fasting?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenolysis

Answer

Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of hepatic glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate, which is then released as free glucose into the bloodstream.

Question 5

Which transporter is responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

GLUT4

Answer

GLUT4 is the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter that translocates to the cell membrane in response to insulin, allowing glucose into muscle and fat cells.

OGT - Oral Glucose Tolerance Practice Test

OGT - Oral Glucose Tolerance Practice Test

OGT Glucose Metabolism and Physiology