NYSTCE Multi-Subject: Teachers of Childhood (221/222/245) Flashcards

Which child development theorist emphasized the importance of the 'zone of proximal development' (ZPD)?

Answer: Lev Vygotsky

Vygotsky's ZPD describes the range of tasks a child can perform with guidance but not yet independently.

A teacher differentiates instruction by offering students three ways to demonstrate mastery of a concept. This reflects which UDL principle?

Answer: Multiple means of action and expression

Universal Design for Learning's 'multiple means of action and expression' allows varied ways for students to show what they know.

Which of the following best describes formative assessment?

Answer: Ongoing assessment used to monitor student progress and adjust instruction

Formative assessment is continuous and informs instructional decisions in real time.

According to Bloom's Taxonomy, which cognitive level requires students to judge the value of information?

Answer: Evaluation

Evaluation, the highest level in Bloom's original taxonomy, involves making judgments about value or quality.

A student in a New York elementary classroom frequently speaks Spanish at home. Which instructional approach best supports English language development while valuing the student's home language?

Answer: Bilingual or dual-language instruction that builds on the student's L1

Research supports bilingual approaches that use students' first language as a foundation for developing English proficiency.

Which of the following is an example of a higher-order thinking question aligned to Bloom's Taxonomy?

Answer: 'How might the Civil War have ended differently if Lincoln had not been elected?'

Asking students to speculate on alternate outcomes requires analysis, synthesis, and evaluation — higher-order thinking.