Research Methods and Statistics Flashcards
7 cards from real NPE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Research Methods and Statistics flashcards as text
Which research design allows investigators to draw causal conclusions about the relationship between variables?
Answer: True experimental design
True experimental designs with random assignment and manipulation of an independent variable are the only designs that support causal inferences.
A researcher finds a p-value of 0.03 using an alpha level of 0.05. What is the correct interpretation?
Answer: The result is statistically significant and the null hypothesis is rejected
A p-value of 0.03 is below the alpha level of 0.05, so the null hypothesis is rejected and the result is considered statistically significant.
Which type of validity refers to the degree to which a test actually measures the construct it purports to measure?
Answer: Construct validity
Construct validity evaluates whether a test truly captures the theoretical construct it is designed to measure.
In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, which parties are unaware of the treatment condition assignment?
Answer: Both participants and researchers administering the treatment
In a double-blind design, both participants and the researchers interacting with them are unaware of group assignment, reducing expectancy and placebo effects.
A psychologist administers the same test twice to a group of clients one month apart. She is assessing which type of reliability?
Answer: Test-retest reliability
Test-retest reliability measures the stability of scores over time by correlating results from two administrations of the same test.
Which statistical test is most appropriate for comparing the means of two independent groups on a continuous outcome variable?
Answer: Independent samples t-test
The independent samples t-test is designed to compare means of two separate groups on a continuous, normally distributed variable.
What is the primary purpose of random assignment in experimental research?
Answer: To equate groups on known and unknown confounding variables
Random assignment distributes both known and unknown confounds evenly across groups, enabling causal attribution to the independent variable.
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