NPE Research Methods and Statistics 2

Question 1

Which of the following correlation coefficients reflects the strongest linear relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

-0.78

Answer

+0.45

Answer

+0.62

Answer

-0.31

Question 2

A researcher rejects the null hypothesis when it is actually true. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Type I error

Answer

Type II error

Answer

Sampling bias

Answer

Low statistical power

Question 3

Cohen's d is a commonly reported statistic in psychological research. What does it primarily measure?

Accepted Answer

The practical significance or magnitude of a treatment effect

Answer

The probability that results occurred by chance

Answer

The degree of correlation between two variables

Answer

The proportion of variance explained by a predictor

Question 4

A researcher follows the same cohort of children from age 5 to age 18 to study cognitive development. This is best described as a:

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal design

Answer

Cross-sectional design

Answer

Case-control design

Answer

Sequential cohort design

Question 5

Which measure of central tendency is most resistant to the influence of extreme outliers in a distribution?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Variance

Answer

Standard deviation

Question 6

Two raters independently score 50 therapy session recordings using the same coding manual. The researcher then calculates intraclass correlation. What is being assessed?

Accepted Answer

Inter-rater reliability

Answer

Test-retest reliability

Answer

Internal consistency

Answer

Predictive validity

Question 7

A researcher wants to examine whether there is an association between diagnostic category (MDD, GAD, PTSD) and treatment modality chosen (CBT, DBT, psychodynamic). Which statistical test is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Chi-square test of independence

Answer

One-way ANOVA

Answer

Pearson correlation

Answer

Independent samples t-test