NCS Neuromuscular Disorders 1

Question 1

What is multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

An autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks myelin in the CNS, causing varied neurological symptoms

Answer

MS damages the myelin sheath around nerve fibers, disrupting signal transmission and causing diverse symptoms.

Question 2

What is Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

A progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of dopamine-producing neurons, causing tremor and rigidity

Answer

The loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra causes the hallmark motor symptoms: tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability.

Question 3

What is peripheral neuropathy?

Accepted Answer

Damage to the peripheral nerves causing weakness, numbness, and pain typically in the hands and feet

Answer

Peripheral neuropathy results from nerve damage due to diabetes, toxins, infections, or autoimmune conditions.

Question 4

What is Guillain-Barré syndrome?

Accepted Answer

An autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks peripheral nerves, causing ascending weakness

Answer

GBS causes rapidly progressive weakness starting in the legs and ascending, potentially affecting breathing muscles.

Question 5

What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?

Accepted Answer

A progressive disease destroying motor neurons, causing muscle weakness and eventually paralysis

Answer

ALS progressively destroys upper and lower motor neurons, leading to loss of voluntary muscle control.

(NCS) Neurologic Clinical Specialist Practice Test