NBEO NBEO Posterior Segment & Retinal Disease 2

Question 1

Which treatment is first-line for neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration?

Accepted Answer

Intravitreal anti-VEGF injections

Answer

Intravitreal anti-VEGF agents (ranibizumab, bevacizumab, aflibercept) are the first-line treatment for wet AMD, reducing CNV leakage and improving visual acuity.

Question 2

The AREDS2 formula for dry AMD supplementation includes which two carotenoids?

Accepted Answer

Lutein and zeaxanthin

Answer

AREDS2 replaced beta-carotene with lutein (10 mg) and zeaxanthin (2 mg) due to beta-carotene's lung cancer risk in smokers.

Question 3

What is the hallmark OCT finding in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR)?

Accepted Answer

Subretinal fluid beneath the neurosensory retina

Answer

CSCR is characterized by a serous detachment of the neurosensory retina overlying a focal RPE leak, appearing as subretinal fluid on OCT.

Question 4

A patient with sickle cell disease is at highest risk for which posterior segment complication?

Accepted Answer

Proliferative sickle cell retinopathy

Answer

Sickle cell retinopathy progresses to a proliferative stage with sea-fan neovascularization, vitreous hemorrhage, and traction retinal detachment.

Question 5

Which peripheral retinal degeneration is considered a significant risk factor for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment?

Accepted Answer

Lattice degeneration

Answer

Lattice degeneration causes thinning of the peripheral retina with overlying vitreous liquefaction and strong vitreoretinal adhesions at its edges, predisposing to tears and detachment.

NBEO - National Board of Examiners in Optometry Practice Test

NBEO - National Board of Examiners in Optometry Practice Test

NBEO NBEO Posterior Segment & Retinal Disease 2