NBEO Clinical Optometry & Patient Care 2

Question 1

What is visual field testing and what does it detect?

Accepted Answer

A test measuring peripheral and central vision sensitivity to detect damage from glaucoma, neurological conditions, and retinal disease

Answer

Visual field testing (perimetry) maps the area and sensitivity of a patient's visual field, detecting scotomas (blind spots) that indicate optic nerve damage, retinal disease, or neurological conditions affecting the visual pathway.

Question 2

What is optical coherence tomography (OCT)?

Accepted Answer

A non-invasive imaging technique that produces high-resolution cross-sectional images of retinal layers and the optic nerve

Answer

OCT uses light interferometry to create detailed images of retinal architecture, enabling measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, macular thickness, and detection of fluid or structural abnormalities.

Question 3

What is a cataract and how is it treated?

Accepted Answer

A clouding of the crystalline lens causing decreased vision, treated surgically by removing the clouded lens and replacing it with an intraocular lens (IOL)

Answer

Cataracts develop as lens proteins denature and aggregate, causing opacity. When vision impairment affects daily activities, phacoemulsification surgery removes the clouded lens and implants a clear artificial IOL.

Question 4

What are contact lens fitting considerations?

Accepted Answer

Base curve selection, diameter, material (oxygen permeability), wearing schedule, and patient compliance with care and replacement schedules

Answer

Proper contact lens fitting requires measuring corneal curvature, selecting appropriate base curve and diameter, choosing material based on oxygen needs and wearing time, and educating patients on proper care to prevent complications.

Question 5

What is amblyopia and how is it treated?

Accepted Answer

Reduced vision in one eye due to abnormal visual development, treated by forcing use of the weaker eye through patching or atropine penalization of the stronger eye

Answer

Amblyopia ('lazy eye') occurs when the brain favors one eye during visual development. Treatment before age 7-8 has the best outcomes, using occlusion (patching) or pharmacological penalization to strengthen the weaker eye.

NBEO - National Board of Examiners in Optometry Practice Test

NBEO - National Board of Examiners in Optometry Practice Test

NBEO Clinical Optometry & Patient Care 2