NASM-CPT Client Relations and Behavior Change 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to the Transtheoretical Model, a client who is not yet thinking about starting an exercise program is in which stage?
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Precontemplation (Correct answer)
- Action
Correct answer: Precontemplation
The precontemplation stage means the individual is not considering changing behavior within the next six months.
Question 2: Which communication technique involves reflecting what a client says to confirm understanding?
- Closed questioning
- Motivational interviewing
- Active listening (Correct answer)
- Directive coaching
Correct answer: Active listening
Active listening includes paraphrasing, reflecting, and summarizing what the client communicates to show genuine understanding and build rapport.
Question 3: A SMART goal should be all of the following EXCEPT:
- Specific
- Measurable
- Ambiguous (Correct answer)
- Time-bound
Correct answer: Ambiguous
SMART goals must be Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Time-bound; ambiguity makes goals harder to pursue and evaluate.
Question 4: When a personal trainer demonstrates an exercise correctly to a client, they are primarily using which learning modality?
- Auditory
- Kinesthetic
- Visual (Correct answer)
- Tactile
Correct answer: Visual
Visual demonstration allows the client to observe the correct movement pattern, appealing to the visual learning modality.
Question 5: Self-efficacy, as it relates to exercise adherence, is best defined as:
- A client's fitness level at baseline
- A client's belief in their ability to successfully perform a task (Correct answer)
- A client's intrinsic motivation to exercise
- A client's social support network
Correct answer: A client's belief in their ability to successfully perform a task
Self-efficacy is an individual's confidence in their capacity to execute a specific behavior, and higher self-efficacy strongly predicts exercise adherence.
Question 6: Which type of goal focuses on the process of exercising rather than an outcome such as weight loss?
- Outcome goal
- Performance goal
- Process goal (Correct answer)
- Product goal
Correct answer: Process goal
Process goals target the actions and behaviors themselves (e.g., 'exercise 4 days per week'), which are within the client's direct control and support adherence.
NASM-CPT Client Relations and Behavior Change 1
According to the Transtheoretical Model, a client who is not yet thinking about starting an exercise program is in which stage?