NAEP Science 4

Question 1

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and shipping proteins to other parts of the cell or outside the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

The Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and directs proteins received from the endoplasmic reticulum to their final destinations inside or outside the cell.

Question 2

Sound travels fastest through which medium?

Accepted Answer

Steel

Answer

Sound travels fastest through solids like steel (~5,100 m/s) because particles are closely packed and can transmit vibrations more efficiently than liquids or gases.

Question 3

A scientist observes that a particular island's bird population has much less genetic variation than the mainland population it descended from. This is most consistent with the:

Accepted Answer

Bottleneck or founder effect

Answer

The founder effect (a type of genetic bottleneck) occurs when a small group colonizes a new area, carrying only a subset of the original genetic diversity.

Question 4

Acid rain is primarily caused by which pair of pollutants reacting with water vapor in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Answer

SO₂ and NOₓ released from burning fossil fuels react with atmospheric water to form sulfuric and nitric acids, which fall as acid rain.

Question 5

An object's weight on the Moon is about one-sixth its weight on Earth. This difference is due to the Moon having:

Accepted Answer

Less mass than Earth, so less gravitational pull

Answer

Weight equals mass × gravitational acceleration (g); the Moon's smaller mass produces a surface gravity about 1/6 of Earth's, reducing the object's weight.

NAEP - National Assessment of Educational Progress Practice Test

NAEP - National Assessment of Educational Progress Practice Test

NAEP Science 4