MNT Nail Anatomy & Disorders 2

Question 1

Which nail structure is responsible for producing the bulk of the nail plate?

Accepted Answer

Matrix

Answer

The matrix contains germinative cells that actively divide to produce the nail plate.

Question 2

The pale, half-moon shaped area visible at the base of some nails is called the:

Accepted Answer

Lunula

Answer

The lunula is the visible distal portion of the matrix that appears white due to incomplete keratinization.

Question 3

Onycholysis is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed

Answer

Onycholysis refers to the painless separation of the nail plate from the nail bed, starting distally.

Question 4

A client presents with small, shallow depressions across the nail plate surface. This finding is most consistent with:

Accepted Answer

Nail pitting

Answer

Nail pitting appears as small punctate depressions and is classically associated with psoriasis and alopecia areata.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes Beau's lines?

Accepted Answer

Transverse grooves across the nail plate

Answer

Beau's lines are transverse grooves caused by temporary arrest of nail matrix activity due to systemic illness or trauma.

(MNT) Certified Medical Nail Technician Practice Test