MNT Pharmacology & Nail Treatments

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action of topical antifungal nail lacquers (e.g., ciclopirox)?

Accepted Answer

They penetrate the nail plate to inhibit fungal cell membrane function and disrupt fungal metabolism

Answer

They make the nail plate too hard for fungi to grow

Answer

They bleach the nail to remove discoloration

Answer

They increase nail growth speed to push out infection

Question 2

Why do oral antifungal medications require liver function monitoring?

Accepted Answer

Because antifungal drugs like terbinafine and itraconazole can cause hepatotoxicity (liver damage)

Answer

To check if the fungal infection has spread to the liver

Answer

To ensure the patient is taking the medication

Answer

Liver function monitoring is not actually required

Question 3

What is KOH (potassium hydroxide) testing used for in nail diagnostics?

Accepted Answer

To dissolve keratin in a nail sample and allow microscopic visualization of fungal elements

Answer

To test the pH of the nail

Answer

To harden the nail sample for storage

Answer

To clean instruments after use

Question 4

What is the typical duration of oral antifungal treatment for toenail onychomycosis?

Accepted Answer

12 weeks (3 months) for terbinafine, with the nail continuing to clear over 6-12 months as it grows out

Answer

1 week of medication

Answer

24 hours of treatment

Answer

Only until symptoms improve

Question 5

What is nail debridement?

Accepted Answer

The mechanical reduction of thickened, dystrophic nail tissue using specialized instruments or drills

Answer

Complete removal of the nail

Answer

A type of nail polish application

Answer

Soaking the nail in chemicals

Question 6

What precaution is needed when using an electric nail drill?

Accepted Answer

Use appropriate speed settings, avoid excessive pressure and heat generation, wear dust masks, and never drill into live tissue

Answer

Drills require no special precautions

Answer

Maximum speed should always be used for efficiency

Answer

Dust masks are not necessary